Hira da Jose Luis Romeo, Shugaban kungiyar masu sana'ar masara ta Spain, kuma memba na Global Farmer Network. An fassara shi zuwa Turanci daga ainihin Mutanen Espanya hirar ta bayyana a ciki Extremadadura21 a watan Yuli 10, 2019.
Jose Luis Romeo (Ƙungiyar Masu Kayayyakin Masara ta Spain): Spain na iya samun mafi yawan amfanin gona a masara a kowace hekta na Turai ta rana da zafi
Noman masara ya kasance mafi mahimmanci a cikin adadin hectare a cikin ban ruwa na Extremadura, tare da kusan 55,000, 21% na jimlar noma. Tare da matsakaicin samar da 550,000 ton a yakin neman zabe na karshe, zuwan wasu amfanin gona kamar su na zaitun ko almonds masu ƙarfi suna barazanar rage haɓakarsu. Majalisar Iberian ta Spain da Portugal akan masara, ya sanya makullin kalubale da matsalolin da fannin ke da shi.
Tambaya: Shin noman masara a Spain da Portugal ya bambanta da sauran kasuwanni??
Amsa: A cikin Iberian Peninsula, Masu sana'ar masara suna da halaye daban-daban ga sauran ƙasashen Turai. A matakin agronomic, ire-iren mu sun fi tsayin hawan keke saboda latitude ɗinmu ƙasa ne, kamar yadda mu ma muna da ciyawa da fungi daban-daban. Kuma ba za mu iya mantawa da cewa illar sauyin yanayi ita ce ta fi fitowa fili a yankin.
Tambaya: Ta yaya za a iya ƙara ƙarfin noman masara a ƙasashen kudancin Turai?
Amsa: Dole ne a yi la'akari da gasar noman masara a duk duniya. Turai ita ce mai shigo da masara ta yanar gizo musamman Spain. Don haka ya kamata inganta abubuwan da muke samarwa ya zama muhimmiyar manufa ga gwamnatocinmu. Koyaya, muna fafatawa da ƙasashen da ke da ƙarancin ƙuntatawa fiye da yadda muke yi idan ana maganar samarwa.
Ina nufin cewa muna gasa da ƙasashen da ba su da iyakancewa a cikin Turai yayin amfani da samfuran phytosanitary, ko kuma ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ilimin halittu a cikin aikin gona. Masarar da aka gyaggyara ta kwayoyin halitta don ta kasance mai inganci a cikin amfani da nitrogen, ko na ruwa, ko kuma a cikin tanadin samfuran phytosanitary sun riga sun wanzu a cikin ƙasashen Amurka kuma waɗannan tsire-tsire sun fi namu gasa kuma., Bugu da kari, yayin da suke ƙara yin amfani da Resource mai inganci, su ma sun fi dorewar muhalli.
Gasa a aikin noma dole ne ta hanyar fasahar kere-kere. Kuma yanzu an rufe ƙofar zuwa transgenics, kada mu sake barin Turai ta sake maimaita wannan bala'i tare da fasahar gyara kwayoyin halitta ko CRISPR-CAS.
Tambaya: Wace dabara ya kamata mu bi don haɓakar masarar Iberian?
Amsa: A cikin Iberian Peninsula, ta hanyar samun ƙarin sa'o'i na hasken rana da ƙarin zafi, za mu iya samun mafi yawan amfanin gona a masara a kowace hekta a Turai. A duka Spain da Portugal mun sami yawan amfanin ƙasa sama da 20 ton / Ha. Amma kuma a kasashen arewa, saboda sun fi danshi, suna da ƙarin matsaloli tare da bayyanar fungi a cikin masara wanda a wasu lokuta yakan haifar da matakan mycotoxins masu yawa..
Yanayin dumi da kuma iska a wasu lokuta na yankinmu yana nufin cewa ba mu da matsaloli da yawa da fungi da sauransu, gaba ɗaya, masarar mu tana da inganci. Shi ya sa a cikin Iberian Peninsula, Bukatar masara don amfanin ɗan adam yana ƙaruwa saboda ingancin da muke samarwa yawanci.
Tambaya: Shin shawarar sake fasalin manufofin aikin gona na gama gari bayan 2020 biyan bukatun masu sana'ar masara?
Amsa: Ina tsammanin shawarar da ta kasance a yanzu wani daftarin aiki ne wanda zai yi nisa daga abin da ya haifar a ƙarshe. Yanzu zaɓe na Turai yana zuwa kuma dole ne sabuwar majalisar ta sake nazarin daftarin CAP. Da sauran matsaloli irin su Brexit ko EU – Dangantakar Amurka kuma za ta tsara sabon CAP wanda ba a sa ran ba sai 2023. Ina tsammanin akwai wasu mahimman ra'ayoyi na gaba ɗaya waɗanda yakamata a yi la'akari da su a cikin CAP na gaba. Idan muna son manoma kada su bace kuma kauye suna da yawa, abu na farko shi ne ta fuskar tattalin arziki ba ya tabarbare a kowace rana. Saboda haka, bangaren da aka nufa don taimakon kai tsaye (ginshiƙi na farko) kada a yanke.